World Tallest Tower: Tokyo Skytree

In the class of tower, Tokyo Skytree is considered as the tallest tower on earth, it has 634 meters  tall (2,080 feet), twice as tall as the Eiffel Tower, it is considered as the world's second-highest building after Dubai's Burj Khalifa which has 829.84 meters tall (2,722.57 feet), and it becomes the tallest structure in Japan in 2010 and the tallest tower in the world, displacing the Canton Tower (Guangzhou TV Tower), 450 meters (1,480 feet)  in March 2011.

Tokyo Skytree is located at Sumida, Tokyo, Japan which  is now open to the world to visit after almost 4 years of construction with 580000 workers costing a total of roughly 65 billion yen for the tower alone.

The construction of the tower actually finished on the 29th of February earlier this year after a two month delay due to the earthquake but it’s today on the 22nd of May that they have actually allowed people to enter.

Moreover, the main attractions are the two observation platforms at 350 meters (1,148 feet) and 450 meters (1,476 feet) as well as the restaurant with the best view of Tokyo, in fact, even better than Tokyo Tower which is only 333 meters (1,093 feet) and only served as an observation tower to the public.

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Bayern München and Allianz Arena

This Sunday (20/05/12) there will be a final match waited by all football lovers in this surface of the earth, yes it is the final battle of Champion League between Bayern München  vs. Chelsea in which in the quarter final succeeded to eliminate their rivals.  Bayern München  forced Real Madrid to surrender through penalty kick battle and Chelsea won from Barcelona.

Since its founding,  Bayern München has four times to feel the glory of lifting the trophy of Champion League, 1974, 1975, 1976, 2001, I wish it becomes five this year, and four times also as runner-up, 1982, 1987, 1999, 2010. In domestic,  It is best known for its professional football team, which plays in the Bundesliga, the top league of German football and is the most successful football club in Germany, having won 22 national titles and 15 cups.

Previously, the "home" of Bayern used to be Munich Olympic Stadium sharing with TSV 1860 München since 1972 and have played their home games at the Allianz Arena since the start of the 2005–06 season.

Moreover, Allianz Arena which becomes the "home" of Die Roten, the nickname of FC Bayern München,  and TSV 1860 München is one of the most spectacular stadiums in the world. The Allianz Arena is a football stadium in the north of Munich, Bavaria, Germany. It is the third biggest stadium in Germany after Signal Iduna Park in Dortmund and the Olympiastadion in Berlin. The capacity of this arena is able to accommodate 69,901 spectators. You can imagine how big it is. What makes this stadium so unique is that the façade is made from 2760 ETFE-foil cushions which are continuously inflated with dried air. Each cushion has its own illumination that can change from red to blue or white. When FC Bayern has a home match, the Arena is illuminated all in red, for the home matches of TSV 1860 all lights are blue, and for neutral matches the colour is white. If for instance the German national team is playing, the stadium will be illuminated all in white.

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Five Definitions of Deep Structure

1. Deep structure is the output of phrase structure rules
   We can not have deep structure if we don’t have phrase structure rules.

e.g.

2. Deep structure is the input of transformation rules. We can apply transformation rules if we have deep   structure.

3. Deep structure is the level of grammar which can explain adequately the concepts of subject, direct object and indirect object.

• Subject is a noun phrase which is directly dominated by category of sentence.
• Direct object is a noun phrase which is directly dominated by verb phrase
• Indirect object is a noun phrase which is directly dominated by prepositional phrase.

e.g.

4. Deep structure is the level where we can apply selectional restriction rules (rules that restrict the selection of lexicons in a sentence)

e.g. the grass devoured the elephant (it is impossible, how the grass can eat an elephant)

The rule is:

- animate + animate > subject

+ animate +animate < subject

e.g. The tiger devoured the goat. 

The ones who don’t follow the selectional restriction rules are the linguist, writers, author.

5. Deep structure is the level which can solve the problem of ambiguity.

e.g.
"The girl hits the man with an umbrella."

Tree diagram

Note:

• The meaning: the girl hits the man who brings an umbrella;
• The PP is directly dominated by NP.

Note:

• The meaning: the girl hits the man by using an umbrella;
• The PP is directly dominated by VP.

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See also:

Chomsky's Generative Linguistics: An Introduction

Linguistic Competence and Linguistic Performance

Deep Structure vs. Surface Structure

5 Definitions of Deep Structure

Phrase Structure Rules

Transformation Rules

Tree Diagram

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How to Make Menu and Sub-menu Tab

How to make menu and sub menu tab without jQuery? If you are interested in making menu and sub menu tab just like menu bar of this blog, or see demo, just do these following steps:

• Go to your dashboard => Template => choose Edit HTML => select proceed => check expand widget templates (above right side);

• Find this below  inside the box code (if you face difficulty in finding it just press F3 if your browser is Chrome or Ctrl+F for Firefox, and copy paste one of below codes, press enter); 

<div class='main-outer'> or <div id='main-wrapper'> or <div id='main'>

• Copy and paste these below code right before the above code;

<style> /* -- Menu Horizontal + Sub Menu-- */ #cat-nav {background:#000;margin:0 15px;padding:0;height:35px;} #cat-nav a { color:#eee; text-decoration:none; text-shadow: #033148 0px 1px 0px;border-right:1px solid #fffff;} #cat-nav a:hover { color:#fff; } #cat-nav li:hover { background:#787876; } #cat-nav a span { font-family:Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size:12px; font-style:normal; font-weight:400; color:#fff; text-shadow:none;} #cat-nav .nav-description { display:block; } #cat-nav a:hover span { color:#fff; } #secnav, #secnav ul { position:relative; z-index:100; margin:0; padding:0; list-style:none; line-height:1; background:#000; } #secnav a { font-family:Trebuchet MS, "Trebuchet MS",Helvetica,Jamrul,sans-serif; font-style:normal; font-weight:700; font-size:17px; display:block; z-index:100; padding:0 15px; line-height:35px; text-decoration:none;} #secnav li { float:left; width: auto; height:35px;} #secnav li ul { position: absolute; left: -999em; width: 200px; top:35px} #secnav li ul li { height:30px; border-top:1px solid #fff; } #secnav li ul li a { font-family:Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; width:180px; line-height:30px; padding:0 10px; font-size:12px; font-style:normal; font-weight:400; color:#eee; } #secnav li ul ul { margin: -30px 0 0 180px; } #secnav li:hover ul ul, #secnav li:hover ul ul ul, #secnav li.sfhover ul ul, #secnav li.sfhover ul ul ul { left:-999em; } #secnav li:hover ul, #secnav li li:hover ul, #secnav li li li:hover ul, #secnav li.sfhover ul, #secnav li li.sfhover ul, #secnav li li li.sfhover ul { left: auto; } #secnav li:hover,#secnav li.hover { position:static; } #cat-nav #secnav {width:100%;margin:0 auto;} </style> <br /> <div id="cat-nav"> <ul class="fl" id="secnav"> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">TITLE 1</a></li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">TITLE 2</a> <ul id="sub-custom-nav"> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">SUB MENU TITLE 1</a></li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">SUB MENU TITLE 2</a></li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">SUB MENU TITLE 3</a></li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">SUB MENU TITLE 4</a></li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">SUB MENU TITLE 5</a></li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">SUB MENU TITLE 6</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">TITLE 3</a> <ul id="sub-custom-nav"> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">SUB MENU TITLE 1</a></li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">SUB MENU TITLE 2</a></li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">SUB MENU TITLE 3</a></li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">SUB MENU TITLE 4</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">TITLE 4</a> <ul id="sub-custom-nav"> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">SUB MENU TITLE 1</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#YOUR LINK#">TITLE 5</a></li> </ul> </div>

Note:
#cat-nav {background:#000;margin:0 1px;padding:0;height:35px;}	change the 000 with any kinds of color you desire for the background color.
#cat-nav li:hover { background:#787876; }	color when menu or sub menu is pointed
TITLE	change with title whatever you want
#YOUR LINK#	change with link whatever you want (page, posting, or label link, etc)

• That's it, save and enjoy;

• TITLE 1
• TITLE 2
  • SUB MENU TITLE 1
  • SUB MENU TITLE 2
  • SUB MENU TITLE 3
  • SUB MENU TITLE 4
  • SUB MENU TITLE 5
  • SUB MENU TITLE 6
• TITLE 3
  • SUB MENU TITLE 1
  • SUB MENU TITLE 2
  • SUB MENU TITLE 3
  • SUB MENU TITLE 4
• TITLE 4
  • SUB MENU TITLE 1

• If you've done it correctly, it will appear menu bar like this above look in your header.

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How to Make 3D Tag Cloud

One of widgets that can beautify your blog is Tag Cloud 3D. It makes your labels looks more beautiful with a 3D animation that can spin around. Just like, see demo.

If you're interested with this widget just do these following steps:

• Go to your dashboard => select layout => add a gadget => select labels => check cloud=> save;
• Go to your dashboard => select layout => add a gadget => select HTML/JavaScript;
• Copy and paste this following script into the  HTML/JavaScript box (leave the box title blank)

<left><h2 class="title"> Labels</h2> <div class="widget-content"> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/swfobject/2.2/swfobject.js"></script> <div id="wpcumuluscontent5733682"> <script type="text/javascript"> var flashvars = { tcolor: "0x000000", tcolor2: "0x000000", hicolor: "0xce1449", tspeed: "40", distr: "true", mode: "tags" }; var params = { allowScriptAccess: "always" }; params.wmode = "transparent"; x = document.getElementById("Label1").getElementsByTagName("a"); trans = document.getElementById("Label1").style.display="none"; var tagcloud; var url = "http://" + document.domain + "/search/label/"; for (var i = 0; i < x.length - 1; i++) { tagcloud = tagcloud + "<a href='"+encodeURIComponent(url + encodeURIComponent(x[i].innerHTML))+"' class='tag-link-24' title='15 topics' style='font-size: 15pt;'>"+x[i].innerHTML+"</a>"; } flashvars.tagcloud = "<tags>"+tagcloud+"</tags>"; swfobject.embedSWF("http://www.taiphanmem.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-cumulus/tagcloud.swf?r=2520752", "wpcumuluscontent5733682", "380", "250", "9", "expressInstall.swf", flashvars, params);</script></div> </div> </left>

Note:
hicolor: "0xce1449"        => color of text when it's pointed
tspeed: "40"                   => the speed of spinning
style='font-size: 15pt      => font size of text you want to display
wpcumuluscontent5733682", "380", "250" => the high and the wide of widget
you can change the red text as whatever you want

• Place the script exactly below label widget
• Save and enjoy.

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Alternative

• Go to your dashboard => template => edit HTML => proceed => check expand widget templates =>  
• Search this below code (use ctrl+f (Mozilla)/ F3 (Chrome) 

<b:section class='sidebar' id='sidebar' preferred='yes'>

• Copy this below code and paste exactly under the above code 

<b:widget id='Label99' locked='false' title='Labels' type='Label'> <b:includable id='main'> <b:if cond='data:title'> <h2> <data:title/></h2> </b:if> <div class='widget-content'> <script src='http://halotemplates.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-cumulus-example/swfobject.js' type='text/javascript'/> <div id='flashcontent'> Blogumulus by <a href='http://dhedie-tips-triks.blogspot.com'>Dhedy | Tips & Triks</a> and <a href='http://www.bloggerbuster.com'>Amanda Fazani</a></div> <script type='text/javascript'> var so=new SWFObject ("http://halotemplates.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-cumulus-example/tagcloud.swf", "tagcloud", "240", "300", "7", "#ffffff"); // uncomment next line to enable transparency //so.addParam("wmode", "transparent"); so.addVariable("tcolor", "0x333333"); so.addVariable("mode", "tags"); so.addVariable("distr", "true"); so.addVariable("tspeed", "100"); so.addVariable("tagcloud", "<tags><b:loop values='data:labels' var='label'><a expr:href='data:label.url' style='12'><data:label.name/></a></b:loop></tags>"); so.addParam("allowScriptAccess", "always"); so.write("flashcontent"); </script> <b:include name='quickedit'/> </div> </b:includable> </b:widget>

Note:

# Width = 240px
# Height = 300px
# Background = #ffffff white
# Text color = 0×333333 (gray)
# Font size = 12

• Save and enjoy

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Cooperative Principle: The Flouting of Maxims

The infringement of maxims which involves exploitation, that is, a procedure by which a maxim is flouted for the purpose of getting a conversational implicature, is usually carried out by means of indirect, contradictory utterances, or figure of speech such as irony, metaphor, overstatement, understatement, tautology, and hyperbole. Grundy (2000) states that whenever a maxim is flouted there must be an implicature to save the utterance from simply appearing to be a faulty contribution to a conversation.  Consider these four sentences examples taken from the previous post, Grice's Cooperative Principle:

(1)  A: What time is it?
      B: It's two a'clock, in fact it's four pass two, and now it's Sunday.

Maxim of quantity and its implicature occur when the speaker or the writer conveys messages that are not as informative as they are required or the information is too much and unnecessary. B flouts the maxim of quantity, since he gives too much information to A, while too much information can distract the listener. However, it is not very difficult to recover the implicature that B wants to show to A that he is a kind of "on time" person.

(2) A: What is the Capital City of Indonesia?
     B: I believe it's Bogor, or maybe Jakarta, Indonesia has wide territory. 

Maxim of quality and its implicature occur when your contribution one that is untrue or lack adequate evidence. B flouts the maxim of quality since he gives insincere answer for A's question. The implicature of this flouting maxim would be that B doesn't know exactly about Capital City of Indonesia.

(3) Mom: Have you done your homework?
     Son: My bicycle is broken mom. 

Maxim of relevance and its implicature arise when the speaker deviates from the particular topic being asked and discussed. The answer of the son is not answering the mother’s question. The son tries to direct his mother’s concern away from the question which he does not like. 

(4) It’s the taste

Maxims of manner and its implicature occur when the utterances are not brief, ambiguous, and obscure. Advertisements often flout the maxim of manner. The statement flouts maxim of manner because it is obscure. The utterances triggers an inference process in which the addressee looks for the likeliest that is relevant in the context that obtain – that the taste is good for people who favor Coca cola and bad for those who dislike it. 

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See also:
Grice's cooperative principle 
Cooperative Principle: Implicature
Cooperative Principle: Flouting Maxims
The Hedging of Maxims 

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