The Elements of Novel: Setting

Setting is the context in which the action of a story occurs. The major elements of setting are time, place, and social environment that frame the characters.
The element of setting is divided into four headings. 
The first is the actual geographical location, such as topography and scenery.
The second is the occupations and modes of day to day existence of the characters.
The third is the time in which the action takes place, e. g. historical period, season of the year.
The fourth is the religious, moral, intellectual, social, and emotional environments of the characters.